Federal Reserve statistical release: factors affecting reserve balances
What does the Federal Reserve owe, and what is its capital?
On Wednesday , currency in circulation was $2.49 trillion, and the Federal Reserve Banks' total capital was $47.7 billion.
Currency in circulation and deposits other than reserve balances each Wednesday, $ trillion
The linesLatest:
- Currency in circulation$2.49T
- Deposits other than reserve balances$1.19T
Total capital and the deferred asset each Wednesday, $ trillion
The linesLatest:
- Total capital$47.7B
- Deferred asset$233B
Each point is one Wednesday's level; pointing at the chart shows the day and each line's value.
Select a line to followLatest:
Inspect and compare dates
The newest Wednesday beside the ones a week, four weeks and fifty-two weeks earlier, in millions of dollars. The lines in the chart are written out for each Wednesday of the last fifty-two weeks in the tables under "The numbers behind the chart".
| Line | Latest | A week earlier | Four weeks earlier | Fifty-two weeks earlier |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wednesday | ||||
| Currency in circulation | 2,485,182 | 2,488,818 | 2,482,383 | 2,417,623 |
| Federal Reserve notes, net of Reserve Bank holdings | 2,433,335 | 2,436,897 | 2,430,606 | 2,366,648 |
| Treasury cash holdings | 303 | 218 | 313 | 297 |
| Reverse repurchase agreements, foreign official and international accounts | 333,846 | 326,598 | 320,264 | 350,419 |
| Reverse repurchase agreements, others | 237 | 201 | 461 | 4,005 |
| Deposits other than reserve balances | 1,193,302 | 1,135,629 | 1,203,562 | 1,126,947 |
| Foreign official deposits | 9,476 | 9,476 | 9,468 | 9,435 |
| Other deposits | 238,673 | 240,331 | 246,778 | 212,438 |
| Term deposits held by depository institutions | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Total factors absorbing reserve funds | 3,835,994 | 3,776,599 | 3,829,614 | 3,710,776 |
| Total liabilities | 6,705,887 | 6,707,923 | 6,699,988 | 6,543,750 |
| Capital paid in | 40,933 | 40,931 | 40,931 | 38,997 |
| Surplus | 6,785 | 6,785 | 6,785 | 6,785 |
| Total capital | 47,718 | 47,716 | 47,716 | 45,782 |
| Deferred asset | 232,672 | 233,181 | 232,999 | 243,493 |
The table scrolls sideways; the first column stays in place.
Observed .
Right now
Deposits other than reserve balances were $1.19 trillion and the deferred asset was $233 billion on Wednesday .
Since the Wednesday before, (ours): currency in circulation down $3.64 billion, deposits other than reserve balances up $57.7 billion, total capital up $2 million and the deferred asset down $509 million.
See the main lines every Wednesday of the last fifty-two weeks
In historyOurs
Currency in circulation of $2.49 trillion on was higher than in 1,241 of the 1,244 other weeks since . Highest since : $2.49 trillion on . Lowest since : $676 billion on .
Deposits other than reserve balances of $1.19 trillion on were higher than in 1,173 of the 1,244 other weeks since . Highest since : $1.99 trillion on . Lowest since : $10.5 billion on .
Total capital of $47.7 billion on was higher than in 899 of the 1,244 other weeks since . Highest since : $58.7 billion on . Lowest since : $16.8 billion on .
The deferred asset of $233 billion on was higher than in 1,175 of the 1,244 other weeks since . Highest since : $246 billion on .
Understanding the H.4.1
Where it stands today
Currency in circulation was $2.49 trillion on .
What does the H.4.1 report?
The H.4.1, Factors Affecting Reserve Balances of Depository Institutions and Condition Statement of Federal Reserve Banks, is the Federal Reserve Board's weekly statement of what the Federal Reserve Banks hold and what they owe.
Read more
Currency in circulation is the Federal Reserve notes and the Treasury's coin and other money that are outside the Federal Reserve Banks and the Treasury: in the hands of the public and in bank vaults.
Federal Reserve notes, net of Reserve Bank holdings, are the dollar bills the Federal Reserve Banks have issued that the Reserve Banks themselves do not hold.
Treasury cash holdings are the currency and coin the Treasury holds.
Reverse repurchase agreements with foreign official and international accounts are what the Federal Reserve borrows from foreign central banks and international institutions against its securities.
Reverse repurchase agreements with others are what the Federal Reserve borrows overnight against its securities from money market funds, banks, housing-related agencies and primary dealers.
Deposits other than reserve balances are the balances of the Treasury, foreign official accounts and other institutions at the Federal Reserve Banks, not counting the reserve balances of banks.
Foreign official deposits are the balances that foreign central banks, governments and international institutions hold at the Federal Reserve Banks.
Other deposits are the balances at the Federal Reserve Banks of government-sponsored enterprises, financial market utilities and other institutions.
Term deposits are fixed-term deposits that banks place at the Federal Reserve Banks.
Total factors absorbing reserve funds are currency in circulation, reverse repurchase agreements, Treasury cash holdings, deposits other than reserve balances and other liabilities and capital.
Total liabilities are everything the Federal Reserve Banks owe: their notes, deposits, reverse repurchase agreements and other liabilities.
Capital paid in is the money the member banks have paid for their shares in the Federal Reserve Banks.
Surplus is the part of the Federal Reserve Banks' capital that comes from earnings they have kept.
Total capital is capital paid in, surplus and other capital accounts.
The deferred asset is the shortfall of the Federal Reserve Banks' earnings that has to be made up before they send earnings to the Treasury again. The H.4.1 shows it as a negative amount of earnings remittances due to the Treasury; here it is a positive amount, and zero in weeks when remittances were due.
The tables give each line's level on the Wednesday in millions of dollars, as the Board publishes it; the sentences and the chart round it to three figures, or to whole millions under a billion.
The numbers behind the chart
What was on the balance sheet each Wednesday of the last fifty-two weeks?The main lines, $ million, newest first
| Wednesday | Currency in circulation | Deposits other than reserve balances | Total capital | Deferred asset |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2,485,182 | 1,193,302 | 47,718 | 232,672 | |
| 2,488,818 | 1,135,629 | 47,716 | 233,181 | |
| 2,486,120 | 1,135,011 | 47,716 | 233,587 | |
| 2,482,756 | 1,243,292 | 47,716 | 233,139 | |
| 2,482,383 | 1,203,562 | 47,716 | 232,999 | |
| 2,483,040 | 1,244,651 | 47,716 | 232,751 | |
| 2,486,422 | 1,096,968 | 47,716 | 232,898 | |
| 2,482,031 | 1,195,440 | 47,716 | 233,369 | |
| 2,478,052 | 1,209,347 | 47,681 | 233,518 | |
| 2,475,537 | 1,192,695 | 47,681 | 232,955 | |
| 2,475,558 | 1,208,034 | 47,676 | 233,093 | |
| 2,474,863 | 1,178,775 | 47,676 | 233,030 | |
| 2,472,177 | 1,214,102 | 47,767 | 233,419 |
Show 39 more rows
| Wednesday | Currency in circulation | Deposits other than reserve balances | Total capital | Deferred asset |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2,470,924 | 1,086,578 | 47,709 | 233,767 | |
| 2,471,831 | 1,047,338 | 47,709 | 234,254 | |
| 2,474,567 | 1,004,306 | 47,705 | 235,052 | |
| 2,474,926 | 1,065,927 | 47,697 | 235,615 | |
| 2,473,044 | 1,201,034 | 47,734 | 236,241 | |
| 2,470,831 | 1,225,445 | 47,734 | 236,697 | |
| 2,467,346 | 1,060,112 | 47,728 | 237,738 | |
| 2,466,972 | 1,107,275 | 47,727 | 238,443 | |
| 2,465,412 | 1,103,848 | 47,270 | 239,240 | |
| 2,461,745 | 1,037,860 | 47,236 | 240,010 | |
| 2,458,020 | 1,060,356 | 47,212 | 240,658 | |
| 2,457,248 | 1,115,126 | 47,212 | 241,578 | |
| 2,454,885 | 1,238,813 | 46,495 | 242,710 | |
| 2,453,331 | 1,253,803 | 46,491 | 243,057 | |
| 2,452,150 | 1,170,685 | 46,482 | 243,357 | |
| 2,452,773 | 953,007 | 46,481 | 244,048 | |
| 2,450,588 | 1,058,188 | 46,481 | 243,900 | |
| 2,446,604 | 1,081,013 | 46,433 | 244,242 | |
| 2,443,928 | 1,120,614 | 46,343 | 244,502 | |
| 2,441,343 | 1,047,862 | 46,341 | 244,914 | |
| 2,438,342 | 1,096,232 | 46,337 | 245,150 | |
| 2,432,413 | 1,089,590 | 46,291 | 245,560 | |
| 2,431,064 | 1,132,719 | 46,281 | 245,298 | |
| 2,430,663 | 1,154,537 | 46,245 | 245,247 | |
| 2,431,213 | 1,150,725 | 46,174 | 245,611 | |
| 2,429,415 | 1,189,584 | 46,074 | 245,927 | |
| 2,430,441 | 1,113,245 | 46,073 | 244,616 | |
| 2,433,213 | 1,010,245 | 46,073 | 243,700 | |
| 2,441,944 | 1,018,816 | 46,073 | 243,076 | |
| 2,445,544 | 1,119,249 | 45,937 | 242,712 | |
| 2,438,550 | 1,077,447 | 45,923 | 242,122 | |
| 2,428,092 | 1,102,571 | 45,923 | 242,728 | |
| 2,425,673 | 1,045,844 | 45,912 | 243,455 | |
| 2,428,573 | 1,136,027 | 45,913 | 243,180 | |
| 2,426,786 | 1,132,089 | 45,863 | 243,213 | |
| 2,421,226 | 1,128,494 | 45,825 | 243,411 | |
| 2,423,504 | 1,167,971 | 45,832 | 243,527 | |
| 2,421,923 | 1,166,104 | 45,832 | 243,818 | |
| 2,418,200 | 1,209,529 | 45,787 | 243,639 |
The table scrolls sideways; the first column stays in place.
Observed .
What was on the balance sheet at the end of each year?The main lines on the last Wednesday of each year, newest first
| Wednesday | Currency in circulation | Deposits other than reserve balances | Total capital | Deferred asset |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2,445,544 | 1,119,249 | 45,937 | 242,712 | |
| 2,366,961 | 941,399 | 43,952 | 215,186 | |
| 2,344,381 | 887,342 | 42,850 | 131,518 | |
| 2,307,921 | 637,310 | 41,799 | 18,002 | |
| 2,236,344 | 539,646 | 40,661 | 0 | |
| 2,086,840 | 1,808,390 | 39,201 | 0 | |
| 1,802,303 | 464,342 | 38,522 | 0 | |
| 1,716,027 | 456,788 | 39,160 | 0 | |
| 1,616,330 | 268,636 | 41,388 | 0 | |
| 1,509,062 | 424,956 | 40,443 | 0 |
Show 14 more rows
| Wednesday | Currency in circulation | Deposits other than reserve balances | Total capital | Deferred asset |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1,426,172 | 351,987 | 39,451 | 0 | |
| 1,342,957 | 249,014 | 57,144 | 0 | |
| 1,238,498 | 169,603 | 55,018 | 0 | |
| 1,167,067 | 84,570 | 54,728 | 0 | |
| 1,076,283 | 165,149 | 53,799 | 0 | |
| 984,951 | 300,384 | 56,602 | 0 | |
| 930,087 | 186,888 | 52,119 | 0 | |
| 889,898 | 392,421 | 42,152 | 0 | |
| 829,054 | 11,533 | 37,112 | 0 | |
| 819,884 | 11,657 | 30,731 | 0 | |
| 794,900 | 13,266 | 28,014 | 0 | |
| 758,356 | 16,010 | 23,333 | 0 | |
| 724,187 | 18,710 | 17,694 | 0 | |
| 685,083 | 16,184 | 18,209 | 0 |
The table scrolls sideways; the first column stays in place.
What were each line's highest and lowest Wednesdays?Ours, from every Wednesday held
| Line | Highest | Highest on | Lowest | Lowest on | Higher than | Other Wednesdays |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Currency in circulation | 2,488,818 | 675,733 | 1,241 | 1,244 | ||
| Federal Reserve notes, net of Reserve Bank holdings | 2,436,897 | 642,604 | 1,241 | 1,244 | ||
| Treasury cash holdings | 555 | 24 | 926 | 1,244 | ||
| Reverse repurchase agreements, foreign official and international accounts | 420,009 | 17,180 | 1,097 | 1,244 | ||
| Reverse repurchase agreements, others | 2,366,798 | 583 | 1,244 | |||
| Deposits other than reserve balances | 1,991,237 | 10,469 | 1,173 | 1,244 | ||
| Foreign official deposits | 33,209 | 71 | 1,043 | 1,244 | ||
| Other deposits | 505,013 | 175 | 1,145 | 1,244 | ||
| Term deposits held by depository institutions | 404,150 | 0 | 1,244 | |||
| Total factors absorbing reserve funds | 5,868,131 | 729,651 | 1,005 | 1,244 | ||
| Total liabilities | 8,924,269 | 696,984 | 988 | 1,244 | ||
| Capital paid in | 40,982 | 8,376 | 1,239 | 1,244 | ||
| Surplus | 29,360 | 6,785 | 0 | 1,244 | ||
| Total capital | 58,720 | 16,760 | 899 | 1,244 | ||
| Deferred asset | 245,927 | 1,175 | 1,244 |
The table scrolls sideways; the first column stays in place.
What do these figures leave out, and how are they cited?Limits, dates and how to cite
What this number cannot tell you
- Wednesday levels: the week's average of daily figures, which the Board publishes beside them, can differ.
- Highest, lowest and the counts of other Wednesdays are worked out by 500metrics from every Wednesday since 18 December 2002; a revision by the Board changes them at the next build.
- A line has no lowest here when its lowest is zero: it stood at zero in many weeks, or before it began.
- The deferred asset is worked out by 500metrics from the Board's earnings remittances due to the Treasury: the amount by which that line is below zero, and zero when it is not.
- Other liabilities and capital is not a line here: the Board's figure for it was below zero in some weeks.
Dates
- Observed
- Checked by us
How to cite this
Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, H.4.1 Factors Affecting Reserve Balances, Wednesday levels, through 21 October 2026. Compiled by 500metrics, "What does the Federal Reserve owe, and what is its capital?", https://500metrics.com/fed-balance-sheet/liabilities-and-capital.
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